From 5d58a966825e9b165ffa5e3ea3c112c1387d42a3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: osmannyildiz <iamosmannyildiz@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2024 14:42:55 +0300
Subject: [PATCH] day 2 (240428)

---
 src/main.rs | 123 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 120 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs
index aeb3127..30aaa2f 100644
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+use std::thread;
+
 fn main() {
     let i8_var_i8: u128 = 123;
     println!("Hello, {}!", i8_var_i8);
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ fn main() {
     }
 
     let struct_var = StructName {
-        field1: 1,
+        field1: 42,
         field2: 5.757,
     };
 
@@ -181,6 +183,123 @@ fn main() {
     let mut return_var = function_print("Naber la");
     return_var.push_str(" geldin mi?");
     println!("{}", return_var);
+    println!("-----");
+
+    // Copy (fixed size)
+    let fs_var1 = 42;
+    let mut fs_var2 = fs_var1;
+    fs_var2 = 123;
+    println!("fs_var1: {}", fs_var1);
+    println!("fs_var2: {}", fs_var2);
+    println!("-----");
+
+    // Move (non-fixed size)
+    let nfs_var1 = "Değişken".to_string();
+    let mut nfs_var2 = nfs_var1;
+    // At this moment, nfs_var1 has lost the ownership, so we can no longer use it
+    // println!("nfs_var1: {}", nfs_var1); // ERROR
+    println!("nfs_var2: {}", nfs_var2);
+    println!("-----");
+
+    // Clone (non-fixed size)
+    let mut nfs_var3 = nfs_var2.clone();
+    nfs_var3.push_str(" Değişir");
+    println!("nfs_var2: {}", nfs_var2);
+    println!("nfs_var3: {}", nfs_var3);
+    println!("-----");
+
+    // Immutable borrowing/shared reference (1:N)
+    let borrowing1 = &nfs_var2;
+    println!("nfs_var2: {}", nfs_var2);
+    println!("borrowing1: {}", borrowing1);
+    println!("-----");
+
+    // Mutable borrowing (1:1)
+    let borrowing2 = &mut nfs_var2;
+    // println!("nfs_var2: {}", nfs_var2); // This takes the reference back and ERROR
+    println!("borrowing2: {}", borrowing2);
+    // println!("nfs_var2: {}", nfs_var2); // This takes the reference back and ERROR
+    println!("borrowing2: {}", borrowing2);
+    println!("nfs_var2: {}", nfs_var2); // This takes the reference back
+    println!("-----");
+
+    // Traits
+    // OOP -> inject method
+    // Struct yapısını daha class gibi kullanmamıza olanak sağlar
+    // Idioms ~= best practices
+
+    trait DenemeTrait {
+        fn default_method(&self) {
+            println!("== Default method ==");
+        }
+
+        fn print_all(&self);
+    }
+
+    impl DenemeTrait for StructName {
+        fn print_all(&self) {
+            println!("== field 1: {}, field 2: {} ==", self.field1, self.field2);
+        }
+
+        fn default_method(&self) {
+            println!("== Default method override ==");
+        }
+    }
+
+    struct_var.print_all();
+    struct_var.default_method();
+
+    let student3 = Student {
+        name: "Yaşar".to_string(),
+        surname: String::from("Güzel"),
+        department: Department::ComputerEngineering(vec!["Unity".to_string()]),
+        score: 100,
+    };
+    let student3 = Student {
+        name: "Yaşar".to_string(),
+        surname: String::from("Güzel"),
+        department: Department::ComputerEngineering(vec!["Unity".to_string()]),
+        score: 100,
+    };
+    impl Student {
+        fn print_all(&self) {
+            println!("{} {}, notu {}.", self.name, self.surname, self.score);
+        }
+    }
+    let student4 = Student {
+        name: "Fatih".to_string(),
+        surname: "Ballı".to_string(),
+        department: Department::Science,
+        score: 99,
+    };
+    student3.print_all();
+    student4.print_all();
+
+    // Threads, concurrency, parallelism, channel
+
+    let thread1 = thread::spawn(|| {
+        for i in 1..10 {
+            println!("Thread says: {}", i);
+        }
+    });
+    println!("Thread start");
+    // let result = thread1.join()?;
+    thread1.join().unwrap();
+    println!("Thread end");
+
+    println!("Thread_local start");
+    use std::cell::RefCell;
+    thread_local! {
+        pub static FOO: RefCell<i32> = RefCell::new(10);
+    }
+    FOO.with_borrow(|v| {
+        println!("Thread_local says: {}", v);
+    });
+    println!("Thread_local end");
+
+    // Smart pointer, Box, RefCell, Rc, Arc
+
+    drop(struct_var);
 }
 
 fn function_print(s: &str) -> String {
@@ -188,5 +307,3 @@ fn function_print(s: &str) -> String {
     // return String::from(s);
     String::from(s)
 }
-
-// Tomorrow: trait, thread, canister